Detection of 2-hydroxy-fatty acids and 2-hydroxy-fatty acid-containing ceramides in a gliding marine bacterium <i>Aureispira marina</i>

Stereospecificity of fatty acid 2-hydroxylase and differential functions of 2-hydroxy fatty acid enantiomers.

FA 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) is an NAD(P)H-dependent enzyme that initiates FA α oxidation and is also responsible for the biosynthesis of 2-hydroxy FA (2-OH FA)-containing sphingolipids in mammalian cells. The 2-OH FA is chiral due to the asymmetric carbon bearing the hydroxyl group. Our current study performed stereochemistry investigation and showed that FA2H is stereospecific for the production o...

Occurrence of 2-hydroxy Fatty Acids in Animal Tissues.

Gas--liquid chromatography--mass spectrometry of synthetic ceramides containing 2-hydroxy acids.

Ceramides containing either sphingosine or sphinganine and one of the 2-hydroxy acids, 14h:0, 16h:0, 18h:0, 20h:0, 22h:0, 24h:0, and 26h:0 were prepared and separated by gas chromatography as the 1,3,2'-tri-O-tri-methylsilyl derivatives. Mass spectrometric analyses of these derivatives showed that the ions formed on electron impact can be used to determine unequivocally the structures of the lo...

Synthesis of ceramides and cerebrosides containing both alpha-hydroxy and nonhydroxy fatty acids from lignoceroyl-CoA by rat brain microsomes.

The conversion of [1-14C]lignoceroyl-CoA to nonhydroxy- and alpha-hydroxyceramides and cerebrosides by brain microsomes of developing rat in the presence of NADPH was investigated. A new technique of thin layer chromatography for the separation of these lipids and unreacted substrate was developed for this assay. The synthesis of nonhydroxy- and hydroxyceramides was significantly stimulated by ...

Protein-bound 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal as a marker of oxidized n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

In the present study, to investigate the contribution of n-3 PUFAs in the oxidative modification of protein in vivo, we characterize the covalent binding of 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE), a potent cytotoxic aldehyde originating from the peroxidation of n-3 PUFAs, to protein and describe the production of this aldehyde in oxidatively modified LDL and in human atherosclerotic lesions. Upon incubation...